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Source
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Master’s thesis, Ewha Womans University
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Contents
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Research subject
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214 preschool teachers
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Research method
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Questionnaire survey
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Abstract
The aim of
this research is to present primary data, which can be used to develop a more
structured sex education program, by studying the current state of early
childhood sex education and teachers’ perceptions of sex education. According
to the research purpose, following questions have been identified:
1. What are teachers’ perceptions of the need of sex
education for children?
2. What is the current state of early childhood sex
education?
3. What are the challenges and ways to improve them
when organizing sex education for children?
The subject
of the research was 214 teachers working at early childhood education
institutions (including kindergartens and nursery schools) in Seoul and Gyeonggi
Province. The questionnaire, study tool for the present research on the
current state of early childhood sex education and teachers’ perceptions of sex
education, was created by the researcher by referencing preceding research
and literature. The questionnaire contains a total of 33 questions and is
divided as follows: background data of subject, need of early childhood sex education,
current state of early childhood sex education, teachers’ perceptions of sex
education, challenges and ways to improve them when organizing sex education
for children, and teacher training for sex education for children. The
collected data was analyzed in frequency and percentages.
The finding
of this research can be summarized as follows:
First, the
majority of respondents recognize the importance of sex education.
Respondents say that by gaining accurate knowledge about sex, children can
develop positive attitude towards sex and good habits for life. Citing
concerns over possible negative effects, some teachers, by contrast, oppose to
sexual education for children.
Second, according
to the respondents, the purpose of sex education for children is to help children
gain accurate knowledge about sex for each stage of their development. Children
can develop positive attitudes, by understanding and respecting different gender
roles and characteristics of men and women that lead to building a good attitude
towards sex. When it comes to the timing for sex education, most of survey
respondents say that they talk about the subject as a part of the subject of
daily living or when children express curiosity about sex. Many respondents
say that sex education for children should be introduced by both teachers and
parents whereas some say that specialist expertise is needed to improve the
quality of early childhood sex education. Respondents say that what they
teach the most at the early childhood education institutions is related to
the formation of basic life habits. They also say that although it is not
currently conducted, education about kidnapping and sexual violence
prevention should be the important content in early childhood sex education.
Third, it
turns out that teachers who do not know how and what to teach about sex to
children are experiencing difficulties due to the lack of sex education
programs, which can be considered as a guideline and curriculum for teachers,
and teaching materials. According to the surveyed teachers, in order to address
the problem, well organized sex education programs and teacher trainings are
needed, so that teachers can broaden their knowledge and improve the quality
of their sex education pedagogies.
This research
found that teachers have positive perceptions of sex education for children.
However, currently introduced education lacks organized and diverse programs
and educational materials for teachers, without clear guidelines or training
programs.
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